While the latter two are ducal palaces, Montacute, although built by a Master of the Rolls to Queen Elizabeth I, was occupied for the next 400 years by his descendants, who were gentry without a London townhouse, rather than aristocracy. ELLE Decor participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites. Unlike many of their contemporaries prior to the 20th century, they slept in proper beds, wore well-made adequate clothes and received three proper meals a day, plus a small wage. For China the data only reflects urban properties, which now average 60 m 2 (646 ft 2) and have almost doubled in size in the last 15 years. These tend either to have evolved from medieval hall houses, with rooms added as required, or were purpose-built by relatively unknown local architects. [9] Therefore, for ease or explanation, Britain's country houses can be categorised according to the circumstances of their creation. Burghley House, Longleat House, and Hatfield House are among the best known examples of the showy prodigy house, often built with the intention of attracting the monarch to visit. The fashionable William Kent redesigned Rousham House only to have it quickly and drastically altered to provide space for the owner's twelve children. In turn, until the agricultural depressions of the 1870s, the estates, of which country houses were the hub, provided their owners with incomes. Canons Ashby, home to poet John Dryden's family, is another example of architectural evolution: a medieval farmhouse enlarged in the Tudor era around a courtyard, given grandiose plaster ceilings in the Stuart period, and then having Georgian façades added in the 18th century. The term stately home is subject to debate, and avoided by historians and other academics. While many country houses are open to the public, they remain inhabited private houses, in some cases by the descendants of their original owners. [15] This new wave of country house building is exemplified by the Rothschild properties in the Home counties and Bletchley Park (rebuilt in several styles, and famous for its code-breaking rôle in World War II). We may earn commission on some of the items you choose to buy. Every item on this page was curated by an ELLE Decor editor. By the reign of Charles I, Inigo Jones and his form of Palladianism had changed the face of English domestic architecture completely, with the use of turrets and towers as an architectural reference to the earlier castles and fortified houses completely disappearing. [13] For many, this way of life, which began a steady decline in 1914, continued well into the 20th century, and for a very few continues to this day. 60 Small Bathroom Designs That Are Far from Boring, The Inside Launches Holiday and Tabletop Lines, This House Is a Lesson in Universal Design, 31 Cool and Sophisticated Boys’ Bedroom Ideas, This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. The Palladian style, in various forms, interrupted briefly by baroque, was to predominate until the second half of the 18th century when, influenced by ancient Greek styles, it gradually evolved into the neoclassicism championed by such architects as Robert Adam. In addition, increasing numbers of country houses hold licences for weddings and civil ceremonies. The members of the huge staff required to maintain large houses had either left to fight and never returned, departed to work in the munitions factories, or filled the void left by the fighting men in other workplaces. Another particularly popular television programme that features the dynamics of life in country houses is Downton Abbey, which aired on ITV in the United Kingdom and PBS in the United States. If fortified, it is called a castle, but not all buildings with the name "castle" are fortified (for example Highclere Castle). Non-sovereign entities and unrecognized states are marked in italics. [19], Media related to Castles, palaces and houses in England at Wikimedia Commons, Larger house or mansion estate in England, United Kingdom, "Country house" redirects here. By the 1850s, with the English economy booming, new mansions were built in one of the many revivalist architectural styles popular throughout the 19th century. Other terms used in the names of houses to describe their origin or importance include palace, castle, court, hall, mansion, park, house, manor, and place. That's right, the good old U.S.A. does not have the largest average house size, despite its "bigger is better" reputation and seemingly unending supply of McMansions. This enables the former owners to offset tax, the payment of which would otherwise have necessitated the sale of the art works. By 1880, this had led some owners into financial shortfalls as they tried to balance maintenance of their estates with the income they provided. The great houses are the largest of the country houses; in truth palaces, built by the country's most powerful – these were designed to display their owners' power or ambitions to power. The lifestyles of those living and working in a country house in the early 20th century were recreated in a BBC television programme, The Edwardian Country House, which was filmed at Manderston House in Scotland. 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